Habit 4: Embed “just in case” accountability.
Note: This is part 2 of a 2 part series. Part 1 can be found here.
Just in time (JIT) may be a best practice for lean manufacturing inventory and financial metrics, but it’s a “worst” practice for recruiting. Just in case (JIC) is the better mindset.
In fact, sales talent management is the one place in a business where a JIC inventory process means dollars and makes sense. You don’t carry the inventory of “candidates-in-waiting” on your balance sheet like raw materials. They are intangible assets, a more contemporary measurement of an organization’s health much like recruiting brand and employee engagement.
Consider the manufacturing function that controls costs and quality with elaborate supply chain management processes, and employs sophisticated logistics methods to make sure materials arrive on the line “just in time.” But sales superstars are
not commodities. They don’t show up on your doorstep when you have an open territory. You have to apply Habit 1 (Always be recruiting) to find those A players. And you’d better have a “just in case” contingency plan in your mind.
Habit-Forming Action Step
We recommend that you require sales managers to report quarterly on the probability of turnover for every sales rep in their district. We also suggest they list a minimum of two names and phone numbers of backup candidates they would call tomorrow if a rep were to turn over unexpectedly. (And reps do that!)
JIC accountability works. It gives you a sense of urgency. It keeps you from losing valuable effective sales months, another metric for which sales managers should be responsible. Unfilled territories don’t save money — they cost money. That’s a lesson you have to learn only once to adopt the JIC habit.
Habit 5: Define “what good looks like” using objective, scientific success predictors.
We see it all the time:
Recruiting strategies have no destination in mind and tactics are all over the subjective map. That’s no way to run a railroad — or a sales organization.
Whether starting up a sales force, growing one, or replacing turnover, you need a recruiting plan. It starts with a very clear picture of what a good sales performer looks like. Yet, even that clear description is only one part of the prescription for a healthy talent pipeline.
For example, a popular study of more than 1,000 sales superstars from 70 companies showed that these high-achievers believed the top three characteristics required for good salesmanship were:
- Strong objection-answering skills
- Good grooming
- Conservative dress (especially black shoes)
However, a study of the weakest performers at these companies revealed that these same three characteristics were also
their most common traits. Obviously, this isn’t the way to recruit a sales star.
In reality, few criteria for selection is better than many, and one or two factors typically account for more than 80% of a salesperson’s ability to succeed in a specific role. Say you have a laundry list of competencies that you check off to make your decisions, and you check all but a few. If those few you don’t check off are the true DNA that leads to success . . . you will have made an unforced hiring error. Ouch!
Habit-Forming Action Step
Defining your target hiring requirements means more than gathering people in a room to define top-performer competencies. In these meetings, the opinion voiced loudest often dominates. You need more than opinion to predict success. You need science in the mix to be objective about what you really are looking for versus using subjective criteria to pick a superstar.
Habit 6: Increase behavioral interviewing “at bats” with job aids and practice.
When you examine how you recruit and manage sales talent, how many times are you “at bat?” Do you know — or care? You should. Malcolm Gladwell, in his bestselling
The Outliers, suggests that 10,000 hours of effort is the point at which you approach mastery.
With sales recruiting, sales managers get rusty when they interview only infrequently. Behavioral interviewing training is standard fare in most sales management curriculums. But if you interview candidates only a few times a year, you do get rusty.
Just like on a bad sales call, a rusty hiring manager tends to tell rather than ask. She doesn’t take enough time to plan the interview. She holds conversations versus interviews, and that leads to nothing more than a gut response to the candidate. It gets worse when you spend travel dollars and executive time to bring the finalist to headquarters for 4 or 5 interviews. The fact is, they really have only one interview — the exact same one, 4 or 5 times. This is a total waste and fraught with error rates, yet it happens every day. A few more interview at-bats might have avoided it all.
When you’re rusty and have to make decisions under the pressure to fill a quota-bearing territory (which you are likely covering in your spare time), a large duck could walk through your office and look like the perfect sales rep! Need I say it? This habit leads to unforced hiring errors. “Time to fill” is often stated as a metric to measure the effectiveness of recruiters. Unfortunately, it also leads to bad decisions due to a rush to judgment to hit a lagging indicator metric.
Habit-Forming Action Step
Set an interview activity target just like you would set a sales call activity target. At a minimum, interview a new candidate either by phone or face to face once a week. Take time to prepare properly and use the same standard for evaluating the interview as you would a good sales call. You should talk 20% of the time and the candidate 80%. You will get better and better at “peeling the onion” and really learning how to conduct a good behavioral interview. Using a good behavioral interviewing guide to hold you to a process and taking notes are best disciplines.
Habit 7: Check the DNA before the resume.
Resumes are candidates’ boldfaced attempts to reflect their best possible image to an employer. A resume is undeniably flawed input; studies have shown that most of them are riddled with half-truths (read: lies). The professional social site LinkedIn claims to have improved that percentage because its resumes are accessible online and can be questioned or verified publically. But according to
Hire Right, a firm that specializes in employee background checks,
Ÿ 80% of all resumes are misleading.
Ÿ 29% state fraudulent degrees.
Ÿ 30% show altered employment dates.
Ÿ 40% have inflated salary claims.
Ÿ 30% have inaccurate job descriptions.
Ÿ 27% give falsified references.
Okay, imagine a manufacturing plant quality inspector examining a component part using her eyes and perhaps her nose to assess the part’s integrity. No way. Those inspectors measure specific tolerances and specs with scientific instruments to ensure the right selection. Their criteria are objective, not subjective. Or how about this?
Would you want your physician to ask you a couple of questions, listen to your heartbeat, and then prescribe a treatment? Heck no. Physicians today rely on scientific blood work that speaks volumes, even revealing your DNA, susceptibility to certain diseases, and likely reaction to various drugs. Many will have the blood work done before your check-up to improve their interview with you. Or they may have a scan done to see inside your body and determine whether you’re healthy.
Not only is a resume pile imperfect input to begin with, the time-consuming and mind-numbing resume-slinging process is done for the worst possible reasons. A resume might be tossed because of personal bias such as the font or bullets instead of paragraphs. The resume slinger might object to the school attended or lack of certain industry experience. On the other hand, a resume might be tossed in the “keep” pile simply because of participation in sports or community involvement. I even spoke to one sales executive who confided that he used astrological birth signs to determine work ethic. Yikes! True story. I can’t make this stuff up.
Habit-Forming Action Step
Using unscientific data when selecting which resumes to choose (or using no data at all; most sales recruiters we talk to say their clients don’t know specifically what they’re looking for) leads quickly to false positives or indicators and markers that are totally subjective. Suddenly, that’s your selection criteria. And for every good candidate you select, you may be losing an even better one.
The fact is resumes are the
least reliable method of screening for quality. No wonder sales managers complain of not enough qualified candidates. To prove the point, just ask yourself, “Why did those hires that didn’t work out have such great-looking resumes?” You can’t judge a book by its cover, and yet sales recruiters do it day in and day out. We often hear their disillusioned refrain, “We hired them for what their resumes said they had done. Then we fired them for who they actually were.”
Use predictive assessments to avoid the pitfalls of relying on resumes and interviews alone in your decision-making. We suggest a 30/30/30/10 mix in your decision to hire: 30% assessment result, 30% background checks and references, 30% multiple interviews, and 10% gut feel.
Summary
Check
your 7 habits against those of highly effective sales recruiters:
- ŸABR: Always be recruiting. What percent of your overall time is spent recruiting top talent versus chasing deals and attending meetings?
- Engage and partner with your sales recruiters. What mutual service-level agreements do you have to hold each other accountable for results?
- Inspect what you expect. How often do you review your sales talent pipeline with your manager to measure progress
- Embed “just in case” accountability. Will the right players be there when you need them?
- Define “what good looks like” using objective, scientific success predictors. Have you identified the few, critical competencies that distinguish good players from bad? (Think of the film Moneyball!)
- Increase behavioral interviewing “at bats” with job aids and practice. Do you interview enough, prepare well, and use structured guides to avoid getting rusty?
- Ÿ Check the DNA before the resume. Do you apply science to verify your instincts and experience so you can reduce unforced hiring errors?
Build Bench Strength
By routinely applying these 7 habits as part of your recruiting process, you will build bench strength. Having a bench of qualified candidates is a great elixir for many sales ailments. For example, when you ponder the reluctance of frontline sales managers to let people who aren’t performing go, it is as though they believe “the devil you know” in a sales tterritory is better than “the devil you don’t.” Or, as one sales leader told me, “I think in this case bad breath is better than no breath.” Really? Is that the best you can do? How about building your bench strength so you need not be reluctant to let poor performers go in the first place?
Admittedly, building a backup sometimes meets with questions or objections. At Xerox, we used to visit different districts where sales managers and reps alike would ask, “Why are you interviewing people in this territory today? Do you think I’m leaving? Are you planning to split my territory? Are you going to replace me?” I would always answer them directly and explain that, to me, chance is not a strategy. That sales team member could get hit by a bus tomorrow, “And if I don’t have backup for you, I’m out of luck.” That usually prompted a healthy conversation about career aspirations, their happiness quotient (they call it “engagement” these days), and the probability that they might take another job if it were offered. All good conversations to have proactively before it’s too late.
When sales managers were probed about their pipeline during quarterly reviews, many would complain that it was hard to keep good candidates on ice. Although that’s true, it’s far better that you stay connected with that person over the long haul than to allow them to slip by — and away — when you aren’t actively looking for someone. You wouldn’t think of putting a customer prospect in your pipeline and not drip-feeding your frequent contact to keep them warm. The same applies to recruiting top talent. In fact, it’s the best way to nurture passive candidates. Those salespeople may be happy now, but you never know what might change — a new comp plan gets announced, a new boss is appointed, there’s a change of territory or accounts, an “impossible” new quota is assigned on top of a record year, etc. You want to be the first person they call the moment they consider their next career move.
A good recruiting strategy will serve any sales organization, large or small, well. It takes discipline, but in many respects the process and tactics are no different than managing a good sales pipeline. Make it as routine as your daily prospecting and opportunity management tasks, and you will reap valuable, long-term results from these habits. Happy hunting!
